Poland – As a member of the EU, Poland has committed itself to closing its last mine by 2049, the year it intends to stop allowing the use of coal for heating, while the date set for the closure of the last…
Poland – The surge in energy prices began before the war in Ukraine, and this cannot be stressed enough. A little over a year ago, in early December 2021, Polish Prime Minister Mateusz Morawiecki justified the “anti-inflation shield” implemented by his government by…
Poland – Like the other countries of the former Eastern bloc, Poland long remained highly dependent on Russian hydrocarbons after the fall of communism (in 1989–90) and the departure of the last Russian troops (in September 1993), which ended five decades of…
When it introduced an embargo against Russian coal several months before the rest of the EU, the government of Mateusz Morawiecki promised in March that Polish black coal production would be increased this year by 1 to 1.5 million tonnes. It has…